What does the prefix dys- indicate in medical terminology?

What does the prefix dys- indicate in medical terminology?

• A. Slow
• B. Below normal or deficient
• C. Abnormal or difficult
• D. Above normal or excessive

Answer: (C)

The prefix dys- indicates abnormal or difficult. It signals that a condition or process isn’t functioning normally and is often troublesome or painful. For example, dysplasia means abnormal development, and dysuria means painful or difficult urination. This sense of “abnormal or difficult” is what dys- conveys. The other ideas correspond to different prefixes: slow is described by brady-, below normal or deficient by hypo-, and above normal or excessive by hyper-. So dys- specifically captures the abnormal or difficult aspect, not mere speed, amount, or direction of change.

The prefix dys- indicates abnormal or difficult. It signals that a condition or process isn’t functioning normally and is often troublesome or painful. For example, dysplasia means abnormal development, and dysuria means painful or difficult urination. This sense of “abnormal or difficult” is what dys- conveys.

The other ideas correspond to different prefixes: slow is described by brady-, below normal or deficient by hypo-, and above normal or excessive by hyper-. So dys- specifically captures the abnormal or difficult aspect, not mere speed, amount, or direction of change.